Draft Riots 1863 - Tribune Building attack
Event Date: July 13-16, 1863
Publication: The Draft Riots in New York. July, 1863. The Metropolitan Police: Their Services during the Riot Week. Their Honorable Record. Baker & Godwin. 1863.
Author: David M. Barnes
Source: Book
On the evening of the July 13, 1863, the rioters targeted the offices of the Daily Tribune, edited by Horace Greeley, a long-time abolitionist and Republican party stalwart. This excerpt from David M. Barnes' The Draft Riots in New York, July, 1863. The Metropolitan Police: Their Services during the Riot Week. Their Honorable Record (1863) describes the police response to the crowd at the Tribune, telling the story from the police perspective. A journalist for the New York Times, David Barnes's drew his book-length account of the draft from his newspaper reporting during the riot.
Twenty-sixth Precinct

Capt. Thomas W. Thorne, City Hall. Early on Monday thousands of excited people were gathered in the Park and Printing-house Square. Incendiary harangues were made, and threats uttered; every colored man met in the vicinity was attacked and beaten. Capt. Thorne detailed five of his force, in citizens' dress, who mingled with the different crowds, and reported every fifteen minutes. At 51/2 o'clock P. M. the force with Capt. Warlow's command reported to headquarters, and were sent thence to the First Precinct, through which tour was made. On returning at dusk, met by citizens at the Post-office, who informed them of attack on Tribune Building. Started up Nassau Street at double-quick, came on the crowd of five or six thousand, the work of destruction having been commenced, the office entered, gutted, and fired. Capt. Thorne gave the word to his men to keep together. The order to charge was given, and on they went, without waiting to estimate odds, the handful, with a ringing cheer, against the thousands; the first blow was received by the Captain, a bludgeon on the head, knocking him back six feet; down went the man who gave it by the locust of officer Cowen; on went the men, dealing blows right and left, desperately and with fearful effect; the mob, even with its proportions, could not stand the impetuous charge; they fought a few moments, surged back, and then again swung forward, as though to crush out the force; it was too late; on and among them were the command, nearly every blow bringing to the ground a rioter; in one place, six lay so close as almost to touch each other; it was too much for the lawless, and, after hard and hand-to-hand fighting to Frankfort Street, they broke, fleeing in wild confusion. That portion which went up Chatham and Center Streets were closely followed for a while, and severely clubbed by this force; that portion which fled across the Park were met by Inspector Carpenter and his men, and scores knocked down. No mercy was shown, and over a hundred lay in the square and Park, the well-punished victims of their own folly and crime. While the mob were being thus terribly handled in the street, some of the force turned their attention to the Tribune Building, fighting their way to and entering it. The fire had but just been lighted, and was readily extinguished. Officer McWaters, on entering the door, was assaulted by a burly ruffian, armed with a hay-rung, who, by a powerful blow on the shoulder, knocked him down; instantly on his feet again, he more than repaid on the heads of the rioters the blow. The building was cleared speedily, and not a man found in it escaped without severe punishment.

This good work being in detail so bravely and thoroughly accomplished, Capt. Thorne ordered his force to cover Spruce Street and the square at Frankfort. Sergeant Devoursney took command. What of the crowd had returned from Chatham Street and Center were pushed back to Frankfort, and the space below entirely cleared. Meantime rumors were constant of mobs accumulating up-town to come down and finish a work which had been so disastrously for the rioters foiled. About eleven o'clock the mob had reassembled above Frankfort Street, though not in the old proportions, and were pressing sharply upon the police thrown across the square. Sergeant Devoursney used every argument to induce them to retire, and these failing, ordered, " Now, men, go in and give it to them!" Go in they did forthwith, and, where moral suasion had failed, the locusts succeeded. It was a quick, severe fight, and a number were so badly punished as to be unable to get away. This was the last serious demonstration in that section, the determined action and success of the police furnishing a lesson which was laid to heart.

After the attack at the Tribune those laying in the street were allowed to be carried off by their friends returning for them, and the square looked somewhat like a field of battle. In the charge ordered by Capt. Thorne, very many of the locusts were broken by the men of this precinct; pretty good evidence that when they hit they meant to hurt. When the mob was being driven off, the writer of the "Record" came very near experiencing the locusts while attempting to reach the Times Building. But for the prompt recognition of officer Frank Brown, of the Twenty-sixth Precinct, who rushed forward and warded off three well-raised and well-aimed clubs, he would have had a serious and practical experience wherewith to speak of "locusts." Sergeant Devoursney was in the crowd alone and edging his way to the Tribune office just before the mob broke into it; he had got on to the sidewalk, and drawing his revolver was about to shoot the man cheering on the crowd, and who was also engaged in breaking in the door; several bold and good citizens were there, endeavoring to dissuade the rioters from their work, and they crowded around the Sergeant, one of them seizing his arm and begging him to desist, that he would do no good, would sacrifice his own life, besides exciting the crowd to a frenzy; heeding the wise advice he forced his way back, got to the station, found Capt. Thorne had been telegraphed to, hurried back, heard the cheer of the gallant force on its charge from Nassau, went in with his locust and fought his way through and to them, joining in the general fight. When it is remembered that the Sergeant was in uniform, his conduct exhibits the truest courage. Officer McCord was in citizen's dress, and going to the assistance of his comrades was hit and hurt by mistake. Officer Gardner received a serious blow from a brick on the leg. An elderly gentleman, who was among those at the Tribune office, attempting to dissuade the mob, was hurt on the head by the police, who, of course, were ignorant of his purpose in being there. He was taken to the station-house, had his wound dressed, and asked if it would leave a scar. On being told it would, he said he should wear it proudly. The wounded who were not carried off by their friends were conveyed to the Twenty-sixth Precinct station-house, where Police Surgeon Kennedy, with two assistants and half-a-dozen attendants, were busily engaged in washing, bandaging, sewing and strapping. The room had all the appearance of an army hospital after a battle—the floor covered with blood, bandages, lint, surgical instruments, pails of bloody water, with Surgeon Kennedy, his shirt-sleeves rolled up, examining, dressing, and ordering. His cool, systematic and quick appliances showed him to be master of the situation. There were wounds of all descriptions the incised, contused, lascerated, punctured, and pistol-shot. All were cared for, and the Doctor's kindness of heart glistened through the cool exterior of the skillful surgeon.

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